What Kind of Leader Is Ms. Condoleezza Rice? Essay -- informative essa

Dr. Condoleezza sieve was sworn in as Secretary of State on January 25, 2005. She is a clear example of a leader, which possesses certain traits that puddle led her to where she is today. In order to evaluate her as a leader, it is necessary to look at different aspects of her leadership. It is important to examine her personality traits and values, ethical challenges she impart face, her candidacy, her leadership style, and her dark-side traits.The first way to evaluate her as a leader is to look at a detail description of what her personality and values are. Condoleezza Rice was born into a family that was disciplined in life and in religion. Generations of her family extend from college-educated instructors, preachers, and lawyers. Her parents were very well-respected in their communities. Her father was a Presbyterian Minister and her mother was a teacher of music and science. Condoleezza was born in Birmingham during a time when African-Americans struggled to receive a c ollege education. Since Condoleezza Rice worked hard and excelled during her adolescence, she had the opportunity to attend college. The Rice family was know for dedicating themselves to nurturing a strong, confident child by exposing her to all the elements of western culture including music, ballet, foreign languages, and athletics (Strobel, 2005, p.1-2). Rices grandmother stated, Condoleezza has always been very focused, ever since she was very, very unexampled (Strobel, 2005, p.1-2). Condoleezzas mother taught her at home to make her lessons more enlightening. This was very different compared to public schooling. Another value that Condoleezza Rice would proclaim to be her strongest is her faith. Condoleezza Rice, who is known to speak publicl... ...ew National Security Strategy and Preemption. Retrieved Jan 21, 2011 from http//www.Brookings.edu/printme.wbs?page=/comm/policybriefs/pb113.htm.Rice, Condoleezza. (2002, June 16). Acknowledge that you have an obligation to sear ch for the truth. Retrieved Jan 21, 2011 from http//news-service.stanford.edu/news/2002/june19/comm_ricetext-619.html.Strobel, Warren P. (2005, Jan. 28). Condoleezza Rice. Retrieved Jan 21, 2011 from http//www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,2092-1367314,00.The Associated Press. (2000, December 17). portentous expectations, Rice returns to White House in top job. Retrieved Jan 21, 2011 from http//archives.cnn.com/2000/ ALLPOLITICS/stories/12/17/rice.profile.ap/Whitelaw, Kevin. (2011, Jan 21). Getting It Dead Wrong. U.S. News & World Report, 138 (32). Retrieved Jan 21, 2011, from Business Source Premier database.

Eulogy for Grandmother :: Eulogies Eulogy

Eulogy for GrandmotherI believe that every person in, in their own unique way, creates a legacy in their lifetime by which others can live long after that person has left us. For those of us who die hard, Mildred Johnson has truly created a legacy to act up and fulfill in our periodic lives. I firmly believe that this carrying out is a true honor and responsibility by means of the various facets that Mildred has make her own. Love Above all, Mildred Johnson is a figure of unconditional love. Love was the major fabric by which she created her tapestry of life. In the raising of her own children, the teachings of her grandchildren, and in how she welcomed in new family and friends, her unconditional strong love is what has made our family what it is today and what will keep us together from this day forward. Spirit My grannie, Mildred Johnson, is a true charr of faith. For as far back as I can remember, my Grandma has been a conveyor of the word of God in developing her fami ly and living her daily life. Never would she miss a Sunday to share the word and love of God. As time moves forward not all of Gods children remain strong enough as before to lead his flock. Nor can all of Gods choir continue to sing quite as loud as they always have. This is the time when the Lord takes them into his hands to rest their souls as he has now done with Mildred. Make no mistake, however, as the legacy of belief that she has created in all of us will continue to live on. Family My Grandmother Mildred truly defined the word family as I have come to make and live it. Holidays and family gatherings were the celebrations they were because they were surrounded by Grandmas love. I watched family such as my late uncle Reginald become the amazing family man he was because of traditions instilled by his mother. I have also seen her daughter - my aunt Milinda raise three beautiful children by the love and traditions passed down from Grandma. I, of course, owe most of who I am from Grandmas love passed down through my own mother Rayetta and her husband George, whom Grandma so highly regarded.

A Race for Rats in The Winter of Our Discontent Essay -- Winter of Our

A Race for Rats in The Winter of Our Discontent  Some runners look only to the finish line, choosing to ignore what they step on or who they pass along the way. In The Winter of Our Discontent, Steinbeck portrays the dawning of a selfish the Statesn society concerned solely with take onning personal races. dance orchestra in a small New England town during the early sixties, the story focuses on the life of Ethan Allen Hawley, an intelligent man with prestigious family history who is employed as a grocer to the dismay of members of his family and the community. At the beginning of the novel, Ethan had non yet adopted the new-fashioned religion of America, to look after number angiotensin converting enzyme (26,291) in rewrite to gain money and social standing. However, as the story transpires, Ethan, like other characters, chooses to succumb to temptation and to put himself above others as all costs, as though focusing on a shiny red, white and blue finish. Ethans downfa ll represents Americas loss of family, social, and moral values as individualist success becomes all-important. The Hawleys conflicts typify the breaking down of the American family as selfish desires distance each member from the family unit. Ethan and his wife, Mary, pursue different goals in life and want communication. Unlike Ethan, Mary dreamed of good fortune (46). Ashamed of her husbands job, she tells Ethan A grand gentlemen without money is a bum (43) in one of the few arguments the couple have. Often, Ethan and Mary avoid confrontation by acting silly because they accept the separation in their marriage. Ethan admits, so many things I mountt know about my Mary, and among them, how much she knows about me. (56) Because theyd rather chase their own goals instead of meeting in the middle, ... ...eal to rob a depose where his friend, Morph is employed (284). His greed inspires him to plot several money-making schemes, unstoppable until he has more than enough money, and h is lust pushes him to Margies house one evening (341). Ethan becomes have (99) with the new values of American and drops his morals on the sideline. After his possession, Ethan commits selfish act after selfish act until the close of the novel when he chooses not to kill himself in order to save his daughter (358). Ethan knows hes been running in a rats race. Americas new obsession with taking care of number one at any cost sacrifices family, social and moral values that are priceless. Selfishness makes for a lonely America in which each person is so blinded by his own goals that he cannot become close to anyone else. Those who choose not to run that race win their souls.  

Jazz: A Permanent Fixture in American Culture Essay -- Music

The cities were where the jobs were located as well as the promise of a more exciting lifestyle. This urbanization allowed people pictorial matter to other cultures, including their music. A large number of African the Statesns were included in this urban migration. They were moving from the rural south to northern cities and bringing with them a part of music that was different from anything the blanched northern youth had ever heard before. It was not the music of their parents and they embraced it. This music strayed away from classic forms, rejecting the chromatic scale and or else choosing discordant sounds (Samuel). The cities offered numerous opportunities to experience jazz. They were full of nightclubs and roadhouses which specialized in jazz music and stimulated artistic development, racial pride, and a sense of community (The American Republic). Advancements in technology also facilitated the spread of jazz music into mainstream society. Modern appliances allowed for p eople to have more free time. They filled this free time with entertainment. more disposable income also allowed for the purchase of phonograph records which brought jazz to areas where no bands performed. The radio was also important to the dissemination of jazz. Unlike many clubs, which were still segregated, radio was not. season many African American station owners struggled to survive in a white society they eventually managed to bring jazz music into the homes of both white and black households (Burns). Jazz music gave rise to several subcultures during the 1920s. One of the most well-known being the flapper. The flapper represented the changing role of women in the post struggle society. Women during this time wanted greater independence. They entered the workfo... ...id, Keith. PBS 2001, Film Carney, Courtney P. Jazz and the Cultural Transformation of America in the 1920s. Diss. Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, 2003. Clegg, Stewart. If throng are Strange, Does Organization Make us Normal?. The Sage Handbook of New Approaches to Organization Studies. Comp. David Barry. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications, 2008. Print. Music That Scared America The Early Days of Jazz. Irvine, CA Humanities out there in the Santa Ana Partnership, 2006 Nichols, Kathleen L. Jazz Age Culture. 11 Aug. 2008. Pittsburgh State University. 11 Apr. 2011 . Samuel, D. (2007). American Expatriates in the twenties Why Paris? Speakeasies, Flappers & Red Hot Jazz Music of the Prohibition. n.d. Riverwalk Jazz. 11 Apr. 2011 . The Jazz Age. n.d. Trail End State Historical Site. 11 Apr. 2011 . return to come about

Comparing Dickenss View of Children in David Copperfield and Great Exp

hellers View of Children Exposed in David Copperfield and Great Expectations Of all Dickens works, David Copperfield and Great Expectations are considered to be his closely autobiographical. Philip Collins writes, Great Expectations, indeed, though overtly less autobiographical than David Copperfield, is a more scrutinizing and self- vituperative account of Dickens own inner impulses (178). It is also true that twain of these novels have children as main characters. Dickens had a real talent for creating child characters in his works. In some cases, Dickens own life history is so closely linked with his fiction, that in order to understand Dickens interest in the child character, it is critical to be familiar with the major events of his life, as well as how he viewed childhood in general. Charles Dickens was born February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth, to middle class parents. He was the second child, and the first son, of eight children. His father, John Dickens, was an Admiralty clerk. He do a reasonable amount of money and was poor in handling his monetary endeavors. In 1824, when the family plunged into debt, John was sent to debtors prison at Marshalsea Prison. Charles, at age twelve, was sent to a Warrens Blacking House, to manufacture shoe polish. In The Man Charles Dickens, Edward Wagenknect looks at how Charles experience with the blacking house had a deep shock absorber on him Charles seems to have been at this time, abnormally sensitive with some dim prescience of what was in store for him, and he suffered terribly, not only from his uncomfortable surroundings, but even more from the consciousness that he was getting no opportunity to develop his capacities and -... ...t skeletal to portraying children beset by suffering and evil (117). Dickens also created these characters to testify to the mistreatment of children in Victorian society. Due to his success as an author, Dickens, in legion(predicate) ways, successf ully took up the plight of children by creating characters that dew attention and munificence from his readers. In his works he gave children a voice that they desperately needed, yet never had before. workings Cited Andrews, Malcolm. Dickens and the Grown-up Child. Iowa City U of Iowa P, 1994. Collins, Philip. Dickens and Education. New York St. Martins P, 1964. Rawlins, diddlysquat P. Great Expectations Dickens and the Betrayal of the Child. Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900. 23 (1983) 667-683. Tomlin, R.W.F., ed. Charles Dickens 1812-1870. New York Simon and Schuster, 1969. Comparing Dickenss View of Children in David Copperfield and Great ExpDickenss View of Children Exposed in David Copperfield and Great Expectations Of all Dickens works, David Copperfield and Great Expectations are considered to be his most autobiographical. Philip Collins writes, Great Expectations, indeed, though overtly less autobiographical than David Copperfi eld, is a more searching and self-critical account of Dickens own inner impulses (178). It is also true that both of these novels have children as main characters. Dickens had a real talent for creating child characters in his works. In some cases, Dickens own life history is so closely linked with his fiction, that in order to understand Dickens interest in the child character, it is critical to be familiar with the major events of his life, as well as how he viewed childhood in general. Charles Dickens was born February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth, to middle class parents. He was the second child, and the first son, of eight children. His father, John Dickens, was an Admiralty clerk. He made a reasonable amount of money but was poor in handling his financial endeavors. In 1824, when the family plunged into debt, John was sent to debtors prison at Marshalsea Prison. Charles, at age twelve, was sent to a Warrens Blacking House, to manufacture shoe polish. In The Man Charle s Dickens, Edward Wagenknect looks at how Charles experience with the blacking house had a deep impact on him Charles seems to have been at this time, abnormally sensitive with some dim prescience of what was in store for him, and he suffered terribly, not only from his uncomfortable surroundings, but even more from the consciousness that he was getting no opportunity to develop his capacities and -... ...t drawn to portraying children beset by suffering and evil (117). Dickens also created these characters to testify to the mistreatment of children in Victorian society. Due to his success as an author, Dickens, in many ways, successfully took up the plight of children by creating characters that dew attention and sympathy from his readers. In his works he gave children a voice that they desperately needed, yet never had before. Works Cited Andrews, Malcolm. Dickens and the Grown-up Child. Iowa City U of Iowa P, 1994. Collins, Philip. Dickens and Education. New York St. Martins P, 1964. Rawlins, Jack P. Great Expectations Dickens and the Betrayal of the Child. Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900. 23 (1983) 667-683. Tomlin, R.W.F., ed. Charles Dickens 1812-1870. New York Simon and Schuster, 1969.

Comparing Dickenss View of Children in David Copperfield and Great Exp

Dickenss View of Children Exposed in David Copperfield and Great Expectations Of all Dickens works, David Copperfield and Great Expectations are considered to be his most autobiographical. Philip Collins writes, Great Expectations, indeed, though overtly little autobiographical than David Copperfield, is a more searching and self-critical account of Dickens own inner impulses (178). It is also admittedly that both of these novels have children as main characters. Dickens had a real talent for creating child characters in his works. In some cases, Dickens own life invoice is so closely linked with his fiction, that in order to interpret Dickens interest in the child character, it is critical to be familiar with the major events of his life, as intimately as how he viewed childhood in general. Charles Dickens was natural February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth, to middle class parents. He was the second child, and the first son, of eight children. His father, John Dicken s, was an Admiralty clerk. He made a reasonable amount of money except was poor in handling his financial endeavors. In 1824, when the family plunged into debt, John was sent to debtors prison at Marshalsea Prison. Charles, at age twelve, was sent to a Warrens Blacking House, to compel shoe polish. In The Man Charles Dickens, Edward Wagenknect looks at how Charles experience with the blacking house had a belatedly impact on him Charles seems to have been at this time, abnormally comminuted with some dim prescience of what was in store for him, and he suffered terribly, not only from his ill-fitting surroundings, but even more from the consciousness that he was acquire no opportunity to develop his capacities and -... ...t drawn to portraying children beset by suffering and worthless (117). Dickens also created these characters to testify to the mistreatment of children in Victorian society. delinquent to his success as an author, Dickens, in many ways, succes sfully took up the plight of children by creating characters that dew attendance and sympathy from his readers. In his works he gave children a vocalisation that they desperately needed, yet never had before. Works Cited Andrews, Malcolm. Dickens and the Grown-up Child. Iowa City U of Iowa P, 1994. Collins, Philip. Dickens and Education. raw(a) York St. Martins P, 1964. Rawlins, Jack P. Great Expectations Dickens and the Betrayal of the Child. Studies in side Literature, 1500-1900. 23 (1983) 667-683. Tomlin, R.W.F., ed. Charles Dickens 1812-1870. New York Simon and Schuster, 1969. Comparing Dickenss View of Children in David Copperfield and Great ExpDickenss View of Children Exposed in David Copperfield and Great Expectations Of all Dickens works, David Copperfield and Great Expectations are considered to be his most autobiographical. Philip Collins writes, Great Expectations, indeed, though overtly less autobiographical than David Copperfield , is a more searching and self-critical account of Dickens own inner impulses (178). It is also true that both of these novels have children as main characters. Dickens had a real talent for creating child characters in his works. In some cases, Dickens own life history is so closely linked with his fiction, that in order to understand Dickens interest in the child character, it is critical to be familiar with the major events of his life, as well as how he viewed childhood in general. Charles Dickens was born February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth, to middle class parents. He was the second child, and the first son, of eight children. His father, John Dickens, was an Admiralty clerk. He made a reasonable amount of money but was poor in handling his financial endeavors. In 1824, when the family plunged into debt, John was sent to debtors prison at Marshalsea Prison. Charles, at age twelve, was sent to a Warrens Blacking House, to manufacture shoe polish. In The Man Charles Dickens, Edward Wagenknect looks at how Charles experience with the blacking house had a deep impact on him Charles seems to have been at this time, abnormally sensitive with some dim prescience of what was in store for him, and he suffered terribly, not only from his uncomfortable surroundings, but even more from the consciousness that he was getting no opportunity to develop his capacities and -... ...t drawn to portraying children beset by suffering and evil (117). Dickens also created these characters to testify to the mistreatment of children in Victorian society. Due to his success as an author, Dickens, in many ways, successfully took up the plight of children by creating characters that dew attention and sympathy from his readers. In his works he gave children a voice that they desperately needed, yet never had before. Works Cited Andrews, Malcolm. Dickens and the Grown-up Child. Iowa City U of Iowa P, 1994. Collins, Philip. Dickens and Education. New Yor k St. Martins P, 1964. Rawlins, Jack P. Great Expectations Dickens and the Betrayal of the Child. Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900. 23 (1983) 667-683. Tomlin, R.W.F., ed. Charles Dickens 1812-1870. New York Simon and Schuster, 1969.

Intro of Physical Journeys

Texts may show us that the world of physical journeys involves unexpected detours. To what extent do the texts you have studied support this view? The world of physical journeys, is the movement from one place to another, where the traveller undergoes a process of change and development, where they become endowed with experiences and where there are goals that are achieved culminating in an overall transformation physically, intellectually and emotionally.Within theses changes they are caused by unexpected detours or obstacles, new challenges or hindrances. The poems from the collection called Sometimes Gladness by Bruce Dawe portrays this alike(p) For The Duration coveys this through the tedious attempts of men try to escape jail, Migrants represents this through a group of immigrants finding a new land for their habitat trying to fit in and Last Seen At 1210am depicts a worrying and traumatic mother in search for her misplaced daughter.The epic fantasy impudent The Lord Of The Rings also symbolises of a group of determined protagonists on a agonising quest to find a ring. (Write a sentence and hypothesize a brief summary about each poem and how it may explore the answer. ) Bruce Dawes For The Duration conveys a physical journey of the challenges faced when they attempt to checker out of jail. The use of the technique enjambment between the first and second stanza, creates a sense of suspense

Researching And Managing A Variety Of Resources Essay

IntroductionThroughout this task I go forth be researching and managing a variety of imaginativenesss. The three main types argon military man, corporeal and financial resources. In this section of my coursework I impart explain where I entrust bechance these resources and how they testament be managed to create a profit sufficient and favored crease. Human resources include my staff and their exercising ups. Physical resources include location, fixtures and fittings, raw materials and equipment. Financial resources include profit, sources of m hotshoty and liquidity.Human ResourcesBusinesses employ people, these atomic number 18 know as human resources. In a sm distributively(prenominal) c be, the owner may be the unaccompanied human resource. In larger pipelinees where m each people work, everyone has a specific problem relating to their qualifications such(prenominal) as manual workers or administration staff. If a crease regards to succeed it is vital for them to go for an organised human resource manager.Human resource is vital in envisioning how many employees they bring and what qualifications they should mystify. A big transmission line which is growing testament use up to find out how many virgin employees they need and how they supply recruit them oer the following year.The human resources atomic number 18 a part of the human resources management and is closely the responsibility for the psychenel or human resources part.Legislation has laid down laws to protect people in the workplace. These include* Health and golosh* Employment rampart for example, dismissal, leave of absence and redundancy.* prep ardness* Wage Protection* RecruitmentThese laws that stick been put in place argon to train that a channel conducts the right decisions and protects its employees correctly. If employees are happy at bottom the workplace they are more likely to achieve goals.Health and SafetyFor 100 years now health and safety law s ca-ca been around which are updated every now and then as work conditions change. The Health and Safety Act 1974 is aimed to harass the standard for either the employees and to protect those whose safety could be at risk outside the channel.Businesses need to progress sure they founder a safe and si sweety environment. This can include Providing and maintain safety equipment and clothing. Maintaining workplace temperatures. Ensuring cap fit work space. Ensuring adequate washing and toilet facilities. Guaranteeing hygienic and safe conditions Providing breaks in the work epoch table. Providing protection for the call of hazardous substances. Providing protection from violence, threats or bullying. Providing a relatively stress free environment.Employers of a opinion line are required to write a written statement of the policy on health and safety in the workplace. Management is trustworthy for carrying out the policy. This policy puts a duty on the employees so they ta ke care of their safety and others whilst at work as they are licitly obliged to comply with the rules drawn. If the employees of the byplay do non follow these rules they can be fined or even worst, taken to court. Not only do employees have to follow these rules but they are required to have procreation to ensure the health and safety of employees at work. At any time The Health and Safety Inspectors (HSE) have the right to carry out investigations in the workplace to make sure the health and safety is correct and up to their standard.The HSE have power to issue codes and protect people in various situations. For example The control of pollution at the workplace. Control of substances that are hazardous to health The protection of individuals against radiation. Time off for safety representations and claiming.For my bank line I go away have to make sure I follow the Health and Safety Act 1974. I leave alone not be employing anyone so I go out not have to worry about train ing them but I exit have to make sure that my partner and I have the training required. The set forth will have to be kept clean to make sure it meets the requirements withal to make sure it is kept at the right temperature.UK RegulationWhen new work situations arose, regulations were introduced to deal with them. The most important regulation is the Working Time leading 1998. It was introduced as in that respect was concern with long working mins and employee rights. Such as 20 minutes break after 6 hours work. 4 weeks annual nonrecreational leave a year. 11 consecutive hours rest in any 14 hour working period. A maximum working week 48 hours a week. An average 6 hours work in any 24 hours for nightshift workers.These regulations were amended in 2003 so that it could exclude people that worked in road, sea or rail transport. Also an employee is allowed to work longer than 48 hours a week if they agree with their employer.Because I will own the business with my partner I will not need to abide by these regulations as I am not employing anyone else. But in case my business expanded and I did need to recruit I would have to take these regulations into perspective to make sure I do not break the law.TrainingA new centering to settle employees into their new stage business is to use induction training. They will not only be directing how to do their job but they will learn how the business works. For example Personnel policies. Employee benefits and services. The organisation and management activity. History development. Terms of practice. General data that has to be wear upone. Physical facilities. The role of a supervisor. Safety measures and department rules. Detailed description of the employees job. The values that a business feels are important such as good attendance. Follow up after several(prenominal) weeks.The aims of trainingWhat training tries to achieve is training employees to learn new skills or improve old ones. It has been proven that a well trained workforce has benefits for a business Well trained workers are more than likely to be more protective. This helps a business fulfil its overall objectives like increasing profits. It will help create a more flexible workforce. It helps the introduction of new technology. This cockeyeds that new machinery or productions processes could be introduced. It could lead to increased job satisfaction. If the workers are well motivated employees will be more productive. Accidents should be reduced if employees are trained in health and safety. The image of the business may be improved. Customers will trust the employees more if they are surefooted and have knowledge on products or processes. Good applicants will be attracted to the job if in that location is a training programme. there could be more of a chance of employees being promoted. The business should qualify people in important posts. Training may ruin the business an advantage over rivals as it is important in competitive markets. Training is important if a business deficiencys to be able to operate in international markets.The need for trainingMany businesses say that if it was up to them then they wouldnt pay for training as it is too expensive and it wont give them many benefits. If this was the case then there would be a market failure. When this happens the government tries to fix the problem either byIf this is the case there is a labour market failure. When market failure happens the government usually attempts to solve the problem by either Providing incentives for individuals or to encourage businesses to encourage employees to train.Or Providing government training courses. The government sets training, education or learning markings in the UK.There is a major problem in the UK with supply of labour skills shortages among workers. This is when there are a great number of vacancies because people do not have the skills, abilities, qualifications or experience ask to do the job s which the employers are requiring.Methods of trainingThere is a variety of different methods used when it comes to training an employee. any(prenominal) types are on the job, others are a manner from the workplace. Sometimes it is a combination of both. On-the-job training is the traditional way of doing it as an experienced worker can memorialise the new employee what to do so they do it the right way and excessively this way they will not need to hire a specialist from outside the business to train the new employee, this will save the business money.-CoachingA baby carriage will guide the trainee through a process or use of equipment in the same way a footballer is trained.-MentoringIn this case the trainee is opposite with the most experienced worker. The trainee will carry out the job but will discuss problems with tutor to help solve them.-Job rotationThis is when an employee works in different departments for short periods in order to pick up skills from from each one. This is so whenever the employee is promoted and reaches the top of the business they have a range of experiences.-In-house coursesA business may put on courses for their employees. Personnel departments may run courses for marketing and finance managers deep down the business. This could be to help them improve staff motivation. Some businesses even have their own training facility.-Self-awareness trainingThis is when the trainee completes self-assessment questionnaires, the questions may be about personal values and individual styles of learning, personality and how the individual interacts with others. The trainee will then receive feedback from the person who is carrying out the questionnaire.-Traditional and modern apprenticeshipsBusinesses in the past have took on trainee workers. They would have done an apprenticeship over a period of time. When they qualified they would have become employees of the business. Some of these schemes do not operate today.-Graduate TrainingBusi ness may run graduate training. These are for graduates with a degree and qualifications and are mostly used to train employees to become senior or management positions.-Vocational coursesThere are a number of organizations that lead vocational training. This is when trainees work towards a vocational qualification. This is alike cognize as hands on job.-E-learningThis is when trainees make use of multimedia to learn. It takes a number of forms. A business may use software to teach all its employees how to use Microsoft word for an example. Trainees can in like manner learn by using materials.If ever my partner and I have to recruit we will use on-the-job training as it is cheap and easy. They will be provided with the knowledge to operate all the machines efficiently. I will ensure that all my employees know how to* Operate all machines.* Take temperature readings and record on a time sheet.* Clear simple faults.* jibe that all machines are configured appropriately.* Cash up c orrectly* Ensure the machine are clean and hygienic* Make the milkshakes efficiently* Monitor waste, litter and use by dates.Payment MethodsAll employees must be rewarded for what they do as no employee is going to work for free.There is many ways in which this can be done.-Time ratesThese are used when workers are rewarded because of the nub of time they spend at work. Employees can be nonrecreational wages weekly or monthly. Employees who work longer than normal should be paid overtime or even a spiriteder pay rate. In the UK, holidays with pay are included for most British industries.-Piece rateThis is the easiest method to use. This is when employees are paid an agreed rate for every product that they produce. This is why it is also known as Payment by Result system. This is mostly used in the material industry. The more the workers produce the more they earn. But this system can cause problems. If machinery fails or if the quality is poor employees have no basic pay to c ome upon back on. Because of this most organizations are made up of two elements. They have a basic pay on the amount of time worked and when a target has been reached.-CommissionThis makes up the total earnings of the employees. Commission is like piece rate, it is a reward for the value of work. Employees are paid a percentage of the value of each service or good that is sold. It indicates the level of business that is won rather than just the output achieved.-FeesThese are the payments for people one-off tasks. Tasks tend to be geared towards the need of the customer kind of of the standard of service or product. The amount paid will depend on the time taken to finish the task.-Fringe benefitsThese are payments instead of wages or salaries. They include things like profit related bonus schemes. Fringe benefits have become more important. Some employers think providing benefits is cheaper than pay as they do not have to pay subject Insurance contributions.Ongoing ManagementI wi ll undertake ongoing management so that I am sure every task is undertaken efficiently.My partner and I consist of all marketing and financial skills. These skills are vital for increasing the knowledge and are the key to opening new doors to the future of my business. I also need these skills so that I can get a good understanding of the political campaign and expanding of our business, my skills will also help me to make better decisions for my business for instance, making better use of financing and re investiture in my business.Although once the business has expanded the business will need a book keeper as they provide financial support to teensy-weensy to medium sized businesses. The book keeper will keep track of all the revenue and all the be of the business, the book keeper will also have to keep records of the entire payroll and do the accounting for all sway. The book keeper will at to the lowest degree have to attain NVQ Levels 2, 3 and 4 and produce performance cri teria to show foregoing experience as a high quality book keeper will only be employed as we do not want an inexperienced book keeper as they may not keep track efficiently of all the be.Recruitment of EmployeesThe four most popular ways of recruiting immaterially areJob centres These are paid for by the government and are responsible for helping the unemployed find jobs or get training. They also provide a service for businesses needing to advertise a vacancy and are generally free to use.Job advertisements Advertisements are the most usual form of external recruitment. They can be found in many places (local and national newspapers, notice boards, recruitment fairs) and should include some important information relating to the job (job title, pay package, location, job description, how to apply-either by CV or application form). Where a business makes to advertise will depend on the cost of advertising and the coverage needed (i.e. how furthermost away people will consider applying for the jobRecruitment agency Provides employers with details of suitable candidates for a vacancy and can sometimes be referred to as head-hunters. They work for a fee and often specialize in particular employment areas e.g. nursing, financial services, teacher recruitmentPersonal recommendation Often referred to as word of mouth and can be a recommendation from a colleague at work. A full assessment of the candidate is still needed however but potentially it saves on advertising cost.Any recruitment will be undertaken by the business owners as they will be responsible for any employees within the business. As both the owners have a professional manner and excellent communication skills with the ability to spot appropriate employees that are confident with a positive attitude. Business owners will also be responsible of all the legal aspects and will have to know all the age categories for employment and pay at least the minimum wage to any employees. Every employee wil l have to be issued with the confiness and conditions of the business that will have to be signed and returned to the business owners, which will then confirm the employee agrees with the conditions of employment.In order for quality control and quality assurance to be maintained I will ensure to provide a good standard of equipment such as b contribute machines, and employees are of a high standard.If we did ever need to recruit we would use job advertisements as it is cheap and effective as many people look in the newspaper and in shop windows for jobs.Minimum wageThe National Minimum Wage (NMW) is a minimum amount per hour that most workers in the UK are entitled to be paid.The national minimum wage has travel around two percent in each age category. The government has extended the adult minimum wage rate to 21 year olds from October 2010. antecedently the qualifying age for the National minimum wage was 22.The National Minimum Wage threshold applies to the following* 5.93 an h our for workers aged 21 and over* 4.92 an hour for workers aged 18 to 20* 3.64 an hour for workers aged 16 to 17Once my business has expanded and I feel that I can come forth employing new staff, it is vitally important that I acknowledge and apply the national minimum wage rates to all my employees so that I am not breaking the law.To ensure staff are kept happy we will always pay them an amount over the national minimum wage to each age category, this is because I want to gain respect and trust from my staff. I will make sure my staff receive a Christmas bonus and in times where my business is making a lot of profit I may offer them bonuses.National InsuranceBusiness owners will also be responsible for ensuring that all of the employees hold a national insurance number otherwise we could be breaking the law. If I did end up employing staff they would have to pay into the National Insurance contribution to HMRC. NICs are calculated and deducted within an employers payroll system. Due to my business being small this would have to be paid on a regular basis.Physical ResourcesPhysical resources are the resources that are available to a business. This could be the things that are needed to run the business each day for example machinery. Physical resources include machinery, equipment, premises and materials.If a business does not have premises they may not be able to establish and customers will not know about them, this is why it is important for a business to have premises. Premises are important as businesses need to sell products or run a service. If this isnt the case then people may decide to run their business from home as it is cheaper and you dont need to buy or rent new premises. There are drawbacks to this though as the customer may find it hard to find the house as it may be in an area that is not so familiar to them or it may cause problems within the family.I chose to station my premises in Almancil. The rent per month is 600 and the premises are in good condition. There is a customer car park, a kitchen, a banding area and toilets for both customers and staff. The reason for choosing these premises was because it is relatively cheap and in the middle of the town which is very busy. Customers will not have to park their cars on the road as there is a car park and also I could advertise my business in the town. I live close to the premises so I will have easy access to it and it is nearby the motorway.I will have to abide by some rules to keep the business safe and secure To be on the safe side I am going to have CCTV to do this I need to tell the information commissioner. As my business grows I may need to hire more people. I will have cleaning materials that are highly flammable so because of these I will need a fire certificate. Because my business is a milkshake bar and I am putting food into the milkshakes I will need a food premises registration. I will also need a performing right society. This is a license that allo ws me to guide melody in the background I cant romp music in the background because it is copy right I cant play someone elses music without a license. If I dont get a license I can always just play the radio.I also have to abide by the rules of the food industry this is also required by law The General Food Regulation. This is the legalisation in the UK in line of requirements of the EC regulation and to keep human health. It also helps attract customers. Food safety. I am required to keep certain foods at a certain temperature. Food colouring regulation. It helps control and limits the/use of colouring in the food I sell. Genetically modified reinvigorated foods. A novel food is defined as a food or food ingredient that does not have a significant history of consumption within the EU before 15 May 1997.MachineryWith my loanword I will purchase three blending machines at the starting up of my business. The machines are a vital necessity to my business and it is my job to make sure that they are of a high quality and in full working order. My blending machines will need to be eye catching and appealing to the customers as they will be surrounded by chocolate bars, otherwise I may not make as many sales as expected and this could lead to debt because if I am not making enough money I will not be able to pay back the bank loan which will then lead to a bad credit history. I will have a fridge and freezer to keep the milk and ice cream cold.StockIt is not good to have too much stock as it can go off but in my case the chocolate bars normally last for a while so that shouldnt be a problem but milk and ice cream can go off easily so I need to make sure it is kept in the fridge or freezer and does not go out of date. On the other hand I dont want to have too little stock as a customer might ask for something and we may not have it and this can mean a loss in profit as the customer may go somewhere else.Throughout my research into stock I found it exceedingly h ard to find a supplier that provides milkshake ingredients. When I found a suitable supplier I found that it was a little high in price. So I decided that I would continually research the milkshake market place to source new stock to find the most extensive range of high quality products and provide a comprehensive choice of chocolate.I am aware that a healthy balanced feed is important to help maintain a healthy body weight and reduce the risk of diseases such as heart disease, cancer and diabetes. A healthy diet should include bread, potatoes, cereals, fruits and vegetables, together with moderate amounts of milk, dairy products, meat, fish and small amounts of foods containing fat and sugar. Food from the largest groups should be eaten most often and foods from the smallest group should be eaten least often. My milkshakes will mostly contain milk which is a vital ingredient that the body needs Vitamin A.I will visit lots of different wholesalers such as Costco, Makro, Break brot hers etc., to find the highest quality ingredients and also to get the best value for money. However quality is the key. Finding the best products is as important to me as it is to the customers, which is why I will always look for food whose origin is recognized worldwide for its excellence.Financial resourcesA business requires finance to survive. All new businesses start up differently, some find that they need help from outside such as bank loans, others start up without borrowing a penny. If a business does decide they want to borrow money they should know how much they need, what it will be used for and how they will repay it.Cash guide forecast is what the business predicts to spend and its not likely that it will be an exact reflection of the way the businesses financial year works out to be. It will however serve as a plan to work for the future. Breaking down the first year into a monthly financial period will help the business work out their income and outgoings will com pare in each period. This lets the business know when their borrowing requirement will be at its best. The business needs to be confident that it will generate enough money to repay the lender. The forecast will also help with this.It is a knockout economic climate at the minute with the credit crunch. So lenders are more reluctant to lend new businesses money. In order to get them to give businesses money they need to be sure that they will get their money back. So if a business is not clear about how much they want to borrow, how you its going to be paid back and if there is no security on the offer they will not hand out any money. This is why it is vital that the business has an idea of they need. A good way to do this is to have a business plan.When we first start up our business we need to know how much start up chief city is needed. Start up capital is the money that my partner and I invest into the business to start it off. A loan can be taken up to pay off the start off c apital or me and my partner can pay, or if the owner can only afford a certain amount then the bank will contribute and pay the rest of the money needed. The legal form of the business will determine how much capital can be invested.A public limited company can bring up capital from a stock market issue of donation, when it floats as a new company, the public can buy roles. A limited company can also raise capital through a specialist Venture Company which can purchase shares, but conditions are attached. /limited companies can also raise capital from Business Angels. This is a picturesque term used for wealthy individual who invest in the start-up and growth of businesses in return for a share and sometimes an active part in the company. Business Angels will often have already made a fortune through other business ventures and will possible run a business of their own. A loan may also be taken out for the start up costs of the business and the bank will match whatever the sole t rader has put into the business.When decided which source of finance I am going to use for my business I will need to take into consideration that there are many different things I can choose from. So to choose the right lend for my business I need to do a lot of research into what each source does.Term loans are the most common general purpose loan. They are used for working capital, expansion, refinancing, and acquisitions. You can repay them monthly over a term based on the expected biography of the assets youre purchasing. This straightforward loan is most common for larger amounts.Short term loans are almost always set up for terms of one year or less(prenominal), and are repaid in a lump sum at the end of the term, instead of monthly. Theyre usually for smaller amounts less than 100,000 and are best for seasonal inventory build up or small investments with quick returns.Equipment financing is generally easier to obtain than general lines of credit, simply because the equip ment you buy serves as direct collateral for the loan. It is also less risky, in that if you are unable to make your payments, you dont have a lien against your entire business or your personal real estate all you lose is the equipment you bought. Depending on the size of your business, equipment financing can cover huge expenses into the millions of dollars.Bank Business bringA Business loan is a fixed medium-term loan, typically for between 3 & 10 years, it only covers the purchase of the capital items such as machinery and initial start up stock, as well as any vehicles needed to run and provide the business. Interest is charged on any bank loan and the rate depends on UK base rate.Private LoansA member of family may provide a loan towards the capital, however this only normally occurs when a small business is owned by a sole trader, except if a sole trader has an extremely wealthy member of their family. I may need some assistance when investing my half of the capital and may b orrow from a relative this then means I will not be paying any interest and I will be able to pay back any money I can afford to when I like.Long terms of financeShare capitalThis is the most important source of finance. Share sales can raise large amounts of money known as issue shared capital. The maximum amount of money stakeholders want to raise is known as authorized share capital. This is because it is not repaid by the business. When the share has been sold the buyer is entitled to dividend.Sometimes a business may need to retain profit to help with future activities. Share holders can make a capital gain by selling their share for a higher price. Shares are usually sold back to the business. Public limited shares are sold in a market called the stock exchange.Loan capitalThis can come from a number of resources Debentures- This is a creditor of the company meaning that holders are entitled to an agreed rate but have no rights to vote. The amount that was borrowed must be rep aid on a certain date. Mortgage- Limited companies can raise money from share and debentures. Small enterprises need long term funding, in order to buy premises. Industrial loan specialist- Many organizations provide notes for business and commercial purposes. These specialists cater for businesses with difficulties in raising funds from conventional sources. Over the years there has been a growth on venture capitalists. The give funds to small and medium sized businesses that have potential but are too risky for investors.Government assistanceAnother form of financing for business start-ups is promoted by the UK Government, through the DTI (Department of Trade and Industry) which provides assistance to new and expanding businesses in the form of grants and loans. This assistance is known as SFI (Selective Finance for Investments in England) it is designed for business direct or planning to operate in the designated assisted areas. However there is another newer scheme called the Enterprise Capital Funds which provides share capital finance for small growth orientated businesses.Short terms of financeBank LoanLoans require an agreement between the borrower and the bank. The borrowed amount must be repaid over a certain period of time. Usually bank loans are short or medium term. Banks arent keen on long term lending because of their need for security.Banks will sometimes change overdrafts into loans so that businesses are forced to repay at regular intervals.Hire PurchaseThis is mostly used by small businesses to purchase machinery and plants. A higher purchase agreement needs a down payment by the borrower. They agree to repay the remainder in instalment over a certain payment. If the buyer falls behind on payments the finance house can repossess the item. Finance houses are less selective than banks.Trade CreditBusinesses often buy raw materials and pay for them later. They usually pay within in 30-90 days. Paying using trade credit appears to be an intere st free way of raising finance. It is profitable during periods of inflation. Many companies encourage early payment by offering discounts.Leasing- This is a contract for a business that requires the use of resources such as property machinery or equipment but in return they must get regular payments. The ownership never passes to the business in this type of finance. With a finance lease the agreement is usually for three years or more and at the end the business is abandoned the choice of buying the resource. An operating lease is a short agreement and the payments are treated as revenue expenditure.Capital is the money invested in a business made by the owners. The legal form of my business will determine how much capital can be invested.Since my business is a alliance we will have to make up our capital with a personal contribution as well as a loan from the bank. It is vital for me to show the bank that I am also making a contribution to the start up of my business otherwise t he bank will not provide me with the loan that I need. I will be taking out a bank loan of 12,000 to cover some the start up costs of my business. This is due to the fact that I need machines to make my product, initial stock to start up with, EPOS and money to advertise.What is a Bank Business Loan?A Business loan is a fixed medium-term loan, typically for between 3 & 10 years, it only covers the purchase of the capital items such as machinery and initial start-up stock, as well as any vehicles needed to run and provide the business. Interest is charged on any bank loan and the rate depends on UK base rate.For my business I will be taking out a Bank Business Loan of 12,000. The loan has 4 year term paying 250 a month.I decided on a four year loan as I did not want my business to go into a negative cash flow. As I would then not have enough money to restock and could lead to my business failing also making a less amount of repayments each month allows me to keep on track of my finan ces.I believe that taking out a business bank loan is the best option for me because I can pay the money back monthly instalments and to keep track of my financial resources I have created a cash flow forecast along with a table to show the money coming in and going out each month. To ensure that I am managing my resources properly at the end of each month I would analysis the table and make a summary of the situation I am in at that time (whether or not I am financially healthy).I will also be able to determine what I can do with the business in order to improve and progress it. I can do this using my cash flow forecast which has an estimated recording of my income and expenditure and can be changed at any time for instance if I realised my stock was costing me less than I thought I am able to justify it with the correct amount. It is vital for me to monitor my finance due it enabling me to make more sensible choices when investing my money back into the business.

Integrity and Values Essay

unity is a concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes. Barbara Killinger offers a conventional definition Integrity is a personal choice, an uncompromising and predictably consistent commitment to honour moral, ethical, spiritual and artistic values and principles. 1 In ethics, right is regardedby whom? as the h wizsty and truthfulness or accuracy For other uses, see Integrity (disambiguation) Integrity is a concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes.Barbara Killinger offers a traditional definition Integrity is a personal choice, an uncompromising and predictably consistent commitment to honour moral, ethical, spiritual and artistic values and principles. 1 In ethics, integrity is regardedby whom? as the honesty and truthfulness or accuracy of ones actions. Integrity can stand in oppositeness tohypocrisy,2 in that judging with the standards of integrity involve s regarding internal consistency as a virtue, and suggests that parties holding within themselves apparently conflicting values should account for the discrepancy or qualify their beliefs.The word integrity stems from the Latin adjectiveinteger (whole, complete). 3 In this context, integrity is the inner sense of wholeness deriving from qualities such as honesty and consistency ofcharacter. As such, one may judge that others have integrity to the finis that they act according to the values, beliefs and principles they claim to hold. A value systems abstraction knowledge and range of applicable interaction may also component part as significant factors in identifying integrity due to their congruence or lack of congruence with observation.A value system may evolve everyplace time4 while retaining integrity if those who espouse the values account for and resolve inconsistencies. 5 ones actions. Integrity can For other uses, see Integrity (disambiguation) Integrity is a concept o f consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes. Barbara Killinger offers a traditional definition Integrity is a personal choice, an uncompromising and predictably consistent commitment to honour moral, ethical, spiritual and artistic values and principles. 1 In ethics, integrity is regardedby whom? as the honesty and truthfulness or accuracy of ones actions. Integrity can stand in opposition tohypocrisy,2 in that judging with the standards of integrity involves regarding internal consistency as a virtue, and suggests that parties holding within themselves apparently conflicting values should account for the discrepancy or alter their beliefs. The word integrity stems from the Latin adjectiveinteger (whole, complete). 3 In this context, integrity is the inner sense of wholeness deriving from qualities such as honesty and consistency ofcharacter.As such, one may judge that others have integrity to the extent that they act according to the values, beliefs and principles they claim to hold. A value systems abstraction depth and range of applicable interaction may also function as significant factors in identifying integrity due to their congruence or lack of congruence with observation. A value system may evolve over time4 while retaining integrity if those who espouse the values account for and resolve inconsistencies. 5in opposition tohypocrisy,2 in that judging with the standards of integrity involves regarding internal consistency as a virtue, and suggests that parties holding within themselves apparently conflicting values should account for the discrepancy or alter their beliefs. The word integrity stems from the Latin adjectiveinteger (whole, complete). 3 In this context, integrity is the inner sense of wholeness deriving from qualities such as honesty and consistency ofcharacter. As such, one may judge that others have integrity to the extent that they act according to the values, beliefs and principles they cl aim to hold.

BUGusa Inc. & WIRETIME Inc. Scenarios Essay

BUGusa Inc. is based in each state USA. The keep company provides critical softw are technology that everyows eaves dropping, sound collection and more to law enforcement agencies passim the states and federal government indoors the United States of America. BUGusa Inc. is looking to expand its services, expertise and software at an international level. In the course of their operations there keep been some questionable behaviors concerning internal and external factors that are touching the flow of operations and in some cases, this behavior may cause serious issues with the legality of the software and its security. WIRETIME Inc. is a fairly new company competing against BUGusa Inc. That seeks to gain information on BUGusa Inc. by infiltrating its cash in superstars chipsforce and recruiting its best and brightest. Through give away this paper I testament address some of those case scenarios and do my best to answer the questions set forth by the as patsyment.1st Scenario Has WIRETIME Inc. committed any torts?BUGusa Inc. vs. WIRETIME Inc.In this case scenario we come up that WIRETIME Inc. has made an intentional negative public statement against BUGusa Inc, and more specifically against its product reindebtedness. This behavior by WIRETIME Inc. can be seen as a egregious move against BUGusa Inc. reputation, thus causing distrust in their products and services from the general public, state and federal agencies home and abroad. The behavior demonstrated by WIRETIME Inc. wear out non uncommon in the business world, can be seen as a defamation or libel tort, and this can give BUGusa Inc. leverage against WIRETIME Inc. in a lawsuit.BUGusa Inc. may sue for any marketing related costs it will incur to help its image rise to new and higher levels of trust within its accredited customers and future customers nationally and internationally it wouldntbe a surprise if they as well as try to collect from possible damages it may brook incurred from actua l or potential loss of profit stemming from the ad circulated by WIRETIME Inc. and the distrust it may curb already or potentially cause in the future against BUGusa Inc. WIRETIME Inc. could make the list that its intention was non to harm BUGusa Inc. reputation because their statements were opinion based and not objective facts. In order to rebuttal the argument by WIRETIME Inc., and to build new trust, BUGusa Inc. could demonstrate that its products and services work well beyond the one-month capabilities that WIRETIME Inc. suggested on its supposedly opinion ad. By demonstrating that their software and services work beyond the one- month mark, they can surely hold their ground against their competitor and possibly create new business and stronger relationships with its consumers, and, at the same time get along the lawsuit against WIRETIME Inc.2nd Scenario Has WIRETIME Inc. committed any torts?Janet, head of the R&D department at BUGusa Inc. has two more years in her contract with her current company. She has been offered a much lucrative opportunity to work for the emulation (WIRETIME Inc.) But there is a provision in her current contract that prohibits her to work for the competition for the following two years of her contract even if she was fired before that time expires. This is called the non compete clause. Janet disclosed this information (non compete clause) to the head of human resources at WIRETIME Inc. when he or she offered Janet employment with their company. You would think that this information would deter any further headhunting approach from WIRETIME Inc. because of the consequences Janets breach of duty to BUGusa Inc. may cause her if she accepts and the liability WIRETIME Inc. picks up by performing this intervening event against the non compete clause BUGusa Inc. has on Janets contract.After Janet exposed the non compete clause, the head of human resources at WIRETIME Inc. persisted and offered to increase her pay by 10% and ad ded a $5,000.00 signing bonus to the deal. Janet had a duty to BUGusa Inc. and she committed a breach of contract by judge the offer from the competing company by evidence of acceptance. There was an offer, acceptance, consideration,consent, capacity, legal purpose, and writing. While it was illegal to work for the competitor, it was not illegal for her to resign from BUGusa Inc. WIRETIME, clearly intended to conduct Janet violate her legal agreement and contractual restriction with BUGusa Inc. and committed the tort of interference in a contractual relationship between Janet and BUGusa Inc.3rd Scenario WIRETIME Inc. (Steve & Walter) argue BUGusa Inc. Liability for Walterss work ons.WIRETIME Inc. has made it its main mission to infiltrate its competitor and retrieve high value information from BUGusa Inc. by all means necessary. WIRETIME Inc. sends one of its employees, (STEVE) to apply for a position at BUGusa. Such is their luck that Steve, not only gets hired, but he secures a position within BUGusa Inc. research and developing department. BUGusa Inc. failed to realize that Steve was an employee at WIRETIME Inc. thus placing the companies sensitive information at risk. While at BUGusa, Steve was picked up by an attentive security guard (Walter) who found out through the grapevine and investigation, that Steve was a spy amongst them working for the competitor.Walter decided to approach Steve and take him in to a soundproof room, and retrieve the truth from Steve through affright threats against his physical safety for six hours. Steve, of course fearing for his physical well world, disclosed his purpose in the company what information he has passed along and whom he rightfully worked for. While Walterss frustration with Steve is understandable, his handling of the situation is totally unacceptable and carries some penalties with it. Walter created an atmosphere of stress, mentally and physically against an employee, regardless of his true intentions B UGusa Inc. should of done its prep through background checks against Steve and probably husbandd itself the headache. Nevertheless, Walterss behavior was thuggish and criminal thus creating the tort of assault. Walter could name held Steve and called the police, then followed through with charges against Steve and WIRETIME Inc. but his course of action may result in Steve going after BUGusa Inc through vicarious liability. This liability holds BUGusa Inc. as responsible for Walterss behavior and actions while performing his form duties in the workplace.4th Scenario Parking lot of BUGusa Inc. Crime problem.What vindication if any, may be available to BUGusa Inc.?As with all working environments, it is the legal and implied duty of any employer to provide a healthy and safe work environment for its employees, vendors and any other patrons visiting or performing work at any air site within the United States of America. Here we can see that this particular BUGusa Inc. branch that i s located in Shady town USA, has been the victim of multiple attacks on its employees and its vendors and also fell pray to vandalism. This problematic issue is well known to the residents of the community where BUGusa has its building this leads me to know that management at BUGusa Inc. must have also been aware of this problem and failed to address it properly. I do not see any available defense for BUGusa Inc. on the matter of the vendor being attacked and robbed while waiting to deliver goods at the facility mentioned above. BUGusa has a duty to its employees, vendors and any patron performing any job within its premises to provide nice safety measures that will deter thiefs from braking in to cars and vandalizing company property, but most importantly from harming the people within its property at all times.Having a well lit parking lot means all lights are working properly and to their full capacity, and in this case, they had a few lights that were not operating at all. Also , well-lit areas are not enough security against a hostile environment that has in the past proven to be dangerous against employees and vendors. The company breached its duty by not upgrading its security measures after the first reported assaults against its employees, this negligence caused that the vendor become another victim of the crime wave affecting its head-to-head property. The injury to the employees and vendor are financial, mental and may well be physical if not yet. The tort that applies here is negligence on the part of BUGusa Inc. If they would have reevaluated their security stance against the rise in crime and violence on their property and its surrounding community, it could have avoided such negligence.5th Scenario Randy and Brian (BUGusa Inc.)What defense may be available to BUGusa Inc.?The following Scenario holds two parties as responsible for failing to perform their required duties as responsible citizens and employees. By both parties being negligent, the y are both are potentially at fault they violated personal and business duty, breached their duties to their safety and business safety, causing an accident and damages to private and business property not to mention the physical injuries if any, and obvious financial injuries to personal and business property. Both Randy and Brian were negligent in their actions, Brian, as an employee of BUGusa Inc. could have avoided the crash if he were following the speed limit or driving in accordance with road and area conditions. Randy failed to obey the yield sign and assumed the risk of being impacted by another vehicle. Here we can apply comparative or contributory negligence because they were both at fault, if BUGusa Inc. can prove that Randy had more to do with the cause of the accident then they may well win the case.6th Scenario fling may have a successful case against BUGusa Inc. for what Tort?Just as in the actual case of General Motors, BUGusa Inc. failed to notify the consumers of the potential hazards of using their products. BUGusa tried to save money at the risk of consumers safety by taking nobblecuts in the manufacturing and assembly process, knowing that such shortcuts may result in short circuit and in some cases harm to its product users they moved forward with its sale and fielding. Strict Product Liability Tort states that the manufacturer, distributor and seller are responsible for any harm and or injury caused by failure to inform of manufacturing defects or design defects. By designing the product without the necessary insulation, Sally was exposed to a short and suffered injuries. BUGusa Inc. is clearly in hot water and can be liable for all harm and injuries stemming from this negligent act.ReferencesCornell University. (2014). Tort. Retrieved from http//www.law.cornell.edu/wex/tort well(p) Law. (2014). Negligence /Personal Injury. Retrieved from http//www.expertlaw.com/library/personal_injury/negligence.html Hill, M. (2011). The Legal Envir onment of Business. A Managerial Approach Theory to Practice. Phoenix, AZ Copyright McGraw-Hill Company.

Consequences of colonialism in India Essay

Colonialism of Britain in India impacted heavily on different levels of life and culture. The indigenous languages of the natives in India were being wiped out and the English language began spreading very quickly. The Europeans aimed at altering the Indian culture to more a European style. India depended so some(prenominal) on Great Britain for proficient advances and manufactured effectives because Britain used India as its market. India provides raw materials for the factories in Britain during industrial revolution.The goods manufactured in Britain were transported to India for marketing therefore Indias technological advance was at purr with Britains technological on gaining independence. Indias economy deteriorated very rapidly because now it had to learn to depend on itself quite a than on the other nations. Developments in India have been so slow and as a result India is still undergoing industrial revolution. Indians were treated as second-class citizens in their own nat ion because they were not granted their human rights in their own nation and were not allowed to hold government positions.They were paid very minimal pay than their European counterparts who they worked with on the same kind of jobs. They were used as slaves to construct railways, build roads and harbors and were paid very little wages. Colonialism in India led to voltaic pile economic bitterness and social- cultural cleavage. These led to creation of anti colonial rational liberation movements. These movements were aimed at attaining independence from the colonialists. Cultural and religious movements that aimed at accent on a national identity based on traditions and cultural values were formed they fought so hard to retain their cultural beliefs and values.Great Britain assimilated the Indian culture making Britain a nation of diverse cultures because most Indians migrated to Britain. Britain is still home to umteen Indians. Colonial systems had a tendency of financing one e thnic, racial or cultural base by giving them a higher status in the society. As a result this led to inter group and tribal rivalries. This also created unequal distribution of resources. Favored groups were given the privilege of assessing important resources that allowed them to develop themselves at the expense of those outside the cultural group.This has led to the rife groups enforcing semipolitical economical, governmental and social policies that led to unequal distribution of resources among their nations. The colonizers often violated the human rights of those people living in the annex areas. This was affected when they enacted partial policies that deprived the colonize subjects of their lands, resources, cultural and religious belief. They even committed murder against their colonies. These unjust policies were seen in the form of slavery, mass murder and apartheid.The colonial empires controlled and operated their colonized governments from overseas or through t he use of a selected domestic privileged group . As a result when these nations gained independence they lacked the internal structure and institutions to create good governance systems. During the British Empire, there was an increase of population in the rural areas and reduced employment, which weakened the traditional status of peasants in rural settings . The loss of lands card-playing the peasants to the status of squatters.This led them to become agricultural laborers in their own lands. The living conditions of the peasants were degraded when the prices of the basic necessities other than food increased. Economic development depends on addressable resources, cultural changes, transformation of political systems and ways in which society adapts to the requirements of technological process. Countries that embraced their colonizers culture and political systems adapted to a rapidly growing economic systems. china and Singapore were fast to adapt and learn the technological ad vances from Britain and this has put them on an economical fore front in the being. The legacy of colonialism left African leading with a fear of any form of political opposition. These leaders sacrificed political unity among tribes for their own good. These political leaders made accumulation of power and political survival their priority at the expense of economic development. These political leaders sought to develop and increase national wealth rather than the peoples welfare.This has led to the dependence on the colonies and west countries for technology and development. As a result their economies declined at very elevated rates, they argued that western knowledge and development was higher-up their native knowledge and therefore they should do anything possible to adopt the western lifestyle. Colonization transfers wealth from the colonized countries to the colonizers leading to inhibition of successful development of economies of the colonized countries.Colonialists have used neo-colonialism to cause political psychological and moral damages to the colonized countries. Colonialism opened up East Asia to the agricultural worlds market and all the instabilities associated with the world market forces. Peasant farmers lost access to resources that had been an important element in making ends meet. The colonial system turned everything into private property pushing many people into dependence on wage labor. In Korea, Japan colonization destroyed the genteelness system that had been improving positively.Most of the missionary schools in Korea were replaced by private schools that did not offer quality education. The education that Koreans received was based on educating them to become better citizens of the Nipponese empire of a lower level. The education given only provided the basics needed for the work that they were to perform. Korean economy grew very well under the Japanese rule between 1910 and 1945. Both the dig and manufacturing industries g rew more than the period before the rule, but despite this the Japanese held higher skilled and highly paid jobs.All the riches gained from the growth of the economy were distributed among the Japanese who owned most of the companies, while the Koreans remained poor in their own countries. Koreans played a very small part in the modernization of their economy. With the end of Japanese colonialism, the economy of Korea decreased and collapsed. Total industrial outputs decreased at very high rates when the Japanese managers and workers left, they also left the financial agricultural and banking systems in destruction.The Japanese colonial systems only favoured a few Koreans allowing them into government and financial systems that made them grow and prosper. However majority of the companies that did not find favor suffered and collapsed. Colonialism had a bad influence on the cultural identity of the colonized counties. This detached many people from their heritage and their identity colonizers have done first by oppression where they force the colonized regions to adapt foreign languages and foreign religions. ConclusionColonialism had both negative and positive effects on the political, economical and social systems of the colonized regions. They eroded the cultural and traditional beliefs of the communities but still impacted positively on their economic growth. They introduced technological advances that assisted in developing countries economies. However I would say that the effects of colonialism in general were negative since they left scars in those countries that were hard to heal.Bibliography Atiyah Jeremy. The rough Guide South East. Asia. Rough Guides, 2002 pg. 230 Castle Gregory.Post colonial discourses. Blackwell publication, 2001p. 330. Christine J. Clive. political orientation and Revolution in South East Asia 1900 1980. Routledge, 2001 p. 39. Everett Heath Tom. Central Asia aspects of transition. Routledge, 2003 p. 80 Goodwin Jeff. No other way out states and revolutionary movements 1945 1991. London, 2001 pg. 200. Hack Karl.Rettig Tobias. Colonial Armies in South East Asia. Routledge 2006, pg. 195 Kiratoska H. Paul. South East Asia colonial History. South East Asia, 2001. p. 150. Lazarus Neil. National and cultural practice in the post colonial world.Cambridge 1999 p. 45. Mendl wolf. Japan and southeastern East Asia. Routedge. 2001 p. 55. Milton Edwards. Contemporary politics in the Middle East. Polity, 2006 p. 46. Milton Edwards Beverly. Conflicts in the Middle East since 1945. Routledge. 2001 p. 70. Pappe ilan. The modern Middle East. Routledge, 2005. p. 38. Schwarz Henry & Ray Sangeeta. A companion to Postcolonial studies Blackwell publishing 2000. p. 150. White Stephen. Communism and its collapse. Routledge 2001. p. 28. Young C & Robert J. Post colonialism An historical introduction. Black well publishing 2001, p. 94.

Standford Prison Experiment

bob February 5, 2013 Research Methods Stanford Prison Experiment 1. Prisoners were put under a great deal of stress. The prisoners were physiologically and physically harmed. Prisoners were scanty naked, chained, and was forced to wear bags over their heads. 2. Yes there was voluntary participation in the experiment, because all of the participants signed up for the experiment. But the acts committed in the experiment more or less likely werent voluntary, meaning that the prisoners did not volunteer to be hardened how they were treated.They didnt know that they would be involved in unethical acts and be treated unfairly. 3. Yes participants were deceived an example would be that their consent forms were not complete and did not properly address all that would take place in the experiment. There was a massive invasion of privacy, not to mention the surprise arrests. The prison was supposed to be a safe environment to study imprisonment, but Zimbardo did not take into esteem that peer pressure would make it difficult to withdraw. 4.Yes I believed the participants were harmed mentally because of the physiological abuse they were taking. I found no benefits out of the harm either way. 5. Researchers estimate to overcome the ethical issues by saying that the prisoners were treated how real prisoners would be treated. ACJS The ACJS would apply to the prison experiment by letting the guards know that in their professional activities as guards, members of the ACJS are committed to enhancing the general well-being of society and of the individuals and groups within it.Members of the Academy are especially careful to avoid incompetent, unethical or unscrupulous use of criminal justice knowledge. They recognize the great potential for harm that is associated with the study of criminal justice, and they do not knowingly place the well-being of themselves or other people in jeopardy in their professional work. Members of the Academy respect the rights, dignity and wo rth of all people.

Developed versus Underdeveloped Essay

In offering a response to this obligate it would be from a sociological perspective that the writer would advance the discussion. As it pertains to the theories of meagerness the article simply identifies the faces of imperialism. These faces are mirrored by means of the economic institutions existent within the social structure. In this sense one can understand how three institution countries economies are influenced by the conception economic order. These countries are impotent in resolving any policy imposed by these super powers.Imperialism has shaped the worlds economic structures through Federal Reserve strategies, the World Bank and IMF put together. What has been offered as explanations for the situation in poor countries is a decorative exposure projecting aesthetics of the real situation. The truth is that there pull up stakes always be poverty in the world regardless of how well relationships between third world and developed countries are enhanced. pauperization was here, precisely, before any institutionalized economic order.It has existed at different levels under much cultural expression through out history. Therefore, to explain poverty in its true sense is to say that it coexists to provide social order. Conclusively, speaking from the sociological paradigm of functionalism, poverty is functional. What has been reflected in the inequality between rich people and poor ones in many countries of the world is the shadow which covers rich countries and poor ones as well.It is popular belief that the economic crisis will improve when there is a re writing of a world economic order which is fair to rich and poor alike. In essence poverty is the face of imperialism which dictates under structured inequality that there must always be economic disparity in the world among countries and people.REFERENCE Make Poverty History. Retrieved 3rd June 2010 http//www. essaywriters. net/sys/orders/view/421995

Stat 200 Exam 2

evanesce of Form Points Awarded 34. 00 Points Missed 6. 00 Percent senesce 85. 0% 1. The level of point outificance associated with a significance leaven is the luck A)of get rid ofing a true unserviceable dead reckoning. B)of not rejecting a true postal code guess. C)that the null hypothesis is true. D)that the election hypothesis is true. FeedbackThis level of significance, commonly set to ? lucifer to 0. 05, is used to set the cut-off as the maximum fortune a researcher would use in order to reject a true null hypothesis. Points acquire 1. 0/1. 0 adjust Answer(s) A 2.A null hypothesis is that the mediocre pulse calculate of adults is 70. For a type of 64 adults, the total pulse rate is 71. 8. A significance bear witness is done and the p- revalue is 0. 02. What is the nearappropriate conclusion based on ? of 0. 05? A) bring to an end that the nation average pulse rate is 70. B)Conclude that the population average pulse rate is 71. 8. C)Reject the hypothesis tha t the population average pulse rate is 70. D)Reject the hypothesis that the savor average pulse rate is 70. FeedbackSince the p-value is little than ? we would reject the Ho the null hypothesis that the population average pulse rate is 70.Points clear 1. 0/1. 0 patch up Answer(s) C 3. If the result of a hypothesis analyse for a proportion is statistic completelyy significant, then A)the null hypothesis is rejected. B)the option hypothesis is rejected. C)the population proportion must fair to middling the null value. FeedbackWhen a hypothesis run is statistic completelyy significant then we reject Ho the null hypothesis Points realize 1. 0/1. 0 even off Answer(s) A 4. Which of the avocation conclusions isnotequivalent to rejecting the null hypothesis? A)The results be statistically significant. B)The results be not statistically significant.C)The alternative hypothesis is accepted. D)The p-value < ? (the significance level) FeedbackAll be equivalent conclusions for rejecting Ho still when results atomic number 18notstatistically significant (i. e. we donotreject Ho) Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) B 5. Determine if the statement is a typical null hypothesis (Ho) or alternative hypothesis (Ha). there is no struggle mingled with the proportion of overweight men and overweight women in America. A)Null hypothesis B)Alternative hypothesis FeedbackHo refers to no leaving or change or equal to.Ha will be the research hypothesis that involves either a difference, greater than, or less(prenominal) than. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 6. A safety officer wants to prove that ? = the average speed of cars driven by a prepare is less than 25 mph. figure that a hit-or-miss prove of 14 cars shows an average speed of 24. 0 mph, with a specimen pattern diversion of 2. 2 mph. Assume that the speeds of cars atomic number 18 normally distributed. What atomic number 18 the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses? A)Ho ? = 25 and Ha ? < 25 B)Ho ? = 25 and Ha ? > 25 C)Ho ? = 25 and Ha ? ? 25 D)Ho ? ? 25 and Ha ? = 25E)Ho x-bar = 24 and Ha x-bar < 24 F)Ho x-bar = 24 and Ha x-bar > 24 G)Ho x-bar = 24 and Ha x-bar ? 24 H)Ho x-bar ? 24 and Ha x-bar = 24 FeedbackThe wordlessis the key term in determining the correct Ha expression. Exceeds implies that the investigator is only interested in whether the truepopulation base islessthan 25. The value of 24 is thesample repute. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 7. An ESP experiment is done in which a participant guesses which of 4 separate the researcher has haphazardly picked, where each card is equally likely. This is repeated for 200 trials.The null hypothesis is that the issuing is guessing, while the alternative is that the typeface has ESP and can guess at higher than the chance rate. The military issue actually formulates 70 correct responses out of the 200 trials. Which of the succeeding(a) describes the probability represen ted by the p-value for this test? A)The probability that the subject has ESP B)The probability that the subject is just guessing. C)The probability of 70 or more(prenominal) correct guesses if the subject has ESP. D)The probability of 70 or more correct guesses if the subject is guessing at the chance rate. FeedbackThe null hypothesis would be that the subject is guessing, i. . Ho ? = 1/4. Then the p-value is the probability that if the subject were guessing that they would get 70 or more justifiedly(a) Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) D 8. Suppose the significance level for a hypothesis test is ? = 0. 05. If the p-value is 0. 049, the decision is to A)reject the null hypothesis. B)accept the null hypothesis. C)not reject the null hypothesis. FeedbackWith p-value <e ? our decision is to reject the null hypothesis Ho Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 9. Which statement is true close to x-bar and ? -hat? A)They are both parameters. B)They are both statistics .C)x-bar is a parameter and ? -hat is a statistic. D)? -hat is a parameter and x-bar is a statistic. Feedback twain x-bar and ? -hat represent statistics. Points Earned 0. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) B 10. Which of the following statements is correct about a parameter and a statistic associated with repeated random samples of the same size from the same population? A) determine of a parameter will vary from sample to sample but values of a statistic will not. B)Values of both a parameter and a statistic may vary from sample to sample. C)Values of a parameter will vary fit in to the sampling distribution for that parameter.D)Values of a statistic will vary according to the sampling distribution for that statistic. FeedbackThe population parameter does not vary, however, the values of the statistic will vary based on the sampling distribution of that statistic Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) D 11. For a random sample of 10 men, the mean head circumference is x = 57. 3 cm and the sample type deviation is s = 2 cm. The standard fallacy of the sample mean is A)0. 200 B)0. 447 C)0. 500 D)0. 632 FeedbackThe standard error equals S/Sq. Rt. of N = 2/3. 16 = 0. 632 Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) D 12. Suppose that a 95% authorization breakup for the proportion of first- form students at a school who vie in intramural sports is 35% plus or electronegative 5%. The margin of error for the presumption interval is A)5% B)35% C)95% Feedbackplus or deduction indicates the margin of error which is 5% Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 13. In a past oecumenical accessible Survey, a random sample of men and women answered the headspring Are you a member of any sports stems? found on the sample data, 95% confidence intervals for the population proportion who would answer yes are 0. 3 to 0. 19 for women and 0. 25 to 0. 33 for men. Based on these results, you can reasonably conclude that A)at least 25% of American men and American women b elong to sports clubs. B)there is no conclusive evidence of a sexual urge difference in the proportions of men and women who belong to sports clubs. C)there is conclusive evidence of a gender difference in proportions of American men and American women who belong to sports clubs. FeedbackSince the both confidence intervals do not convergence there is conclusive evidence that a difference in the proportions exists Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) C 14. In a past General Social Survey, 87% of a random sample of n = 990 respondents answered yes to the question Would you approve of an adult male punching a stranger if the stranger had broken into the mans theater of operations? A 90% confidence interval for the proportion of all Americans who approve of punching an intruder is A)0. 852 to 0. 888 B)0. 849 to 0. 891 C)0. 845 to 0. 895 D)0. 842 to 0. 898 FeedbackA confidence interval is found by sample statistic Zmultiplier*StandardError. With p-hat of 0. 87, Zmultiplier of 1. 65 and n = 990, the 90% confidence interval is 0. 49 to 0. 891 Points Earned 0. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 15. A randomly selected sample of n =51 men in Brazil had an average lifespan of 59 historic period. The standard deviation was 10 years and the standard error was 1. 400. Calculate a 98% confidence interval for the average lifespan for all men in Brazil. A)(55. 6, 62. 4) B)(56. 2, 61. 8) C)(35. 0, 83. 0) FeedbackUsing degrees of emancipation equal to 51 1 gives a t* of 2. 40 for confidence level of 98%. The standard error is equal to s/vn = 10/v51 = 1. 400 given . The interval then is 59 2. 40*1. 400 = (55. 6, 62. 4) Points Earned 1. /1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 16. In a random sample of 1000 students, 80% were in favor of longer hours at the school library. The standard error of ? -hat is approximately A)0. 013 B)0. 160 C)0. 640. D)0. 800 FeedbackThe standard error is found by taking the square reservoir of (0. 80)(0. 20)/1000 = 0. 013 Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 17. A researcher wants to assess if there is a difference in the average age of encroachment of a certain disease for men and women who get the disease. Let ? 1= average age of onset for women and ? 2= average age of onset for men.A random sample of 30 women with the disease showed an average age of onset of 83 years, with a sample standard deviation of 11. 5 years. A random sample of 20 men with the disease showed an average age of onset of 77 years, with a sample standard deviation of 4. 5 years. Assume that ages at onset of this disease are normally distributed for each gender, do not assume the population variances are equal. What are the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses? A)? 1= ? 2and Ha ? 1? ?2 B)? 1? ?2and Ha ? 1= ? 2 C)? 1= ? 2and Ha ? 1< ? 2 D)? 1= ? 2and Ha ? 1> ? 2FeedbackSince the researcher is interested in detecting only adifferencethis would imply that any difference will do, thus the Ha is ? Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 1 8. It is known that for right- surpassed people, the dominant (right) hand tends to be stronger. For sinistral people who live in a world designed for right-handed people, the same maynotbe true. To test this, muscle peculiarity was calculated on the right and left hands of a random sample of 15 sinistral men and the difference (left right) was found. The alternative hypothesis is one-sided (left hand stronger).The resulting t-statistic was 1. 90. This is an example of A)a dickens-sample t-test. B)a paired t-test. C)a pooled t-test. D)an unpooled t-test. FeedbackSince deuce measurements were take for grantedn per individual (i. e. for each man sampled muscle strength was measured on his right hand then his left hand) this would be a ponder exploitation paired data. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) B 19. It is known that for right-handed people, the dominant (right) hand tends to be stronger. For left-handed people who live in a world designed for right-handed peo ple, the same maynotbe true.To test this, muscle strength was measured on the right and left hands of a random sample of 15 left-handed men and the difference (left right) was found. The alternative hypothesis is one-sided (left hand stronger). The resulting t-statistic was 1. 90. Assuming the conditions are met, based on the t-statistic of 1. 90 the appropriate decision for this test using ? = 0. 05 and usingT-Tableis A)df = 14, so p-value < 0. 05 and the null hypothesis can be rejected. B)df = 14, so p-value > 0. 05 and the null hypothesis cannot be rejected. C)df = 28, so p-value < 0. 05 and the null hypothesis can be rejected.D)df = 28, so p-value > 0. 05 and the null hypothesis cannot be rejected. FeedbackFromT-Tableand degrees of freedom equal to 15 ? 1 = 14 and a t-statistic of 1. 90, the p-value is between 0. 025 and 0. 050 which is less than 0. 05 making the appropriate decision to reject Ho. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 20. A shoe company wants to compare two materials, A and B, for use on the restores of boys shoes. In this example, each of ten boys in a force field wore a special pair of shoes with the sole of one shoe made from Material A and the sole on the other shoe made from Material B.The sole types were randomly assigned to account for organized differences in wear between the left and right foot. After three months, the shoes are measured for wear. Let Ho ? d= 0 versus Ha ? d? 0. From this random sample of 10 boys, the sample mean difference was 0. 41 and Sdwas 0. 387. If the p-value for this test is 0. 009, then for a significance level of alpha = 0. 05, are the results statistically significant? A)No, results are not statistically significant because the p-value < 0. 05. B)Yes, results are statistically significant because the p-value < 0. 05.C)No, results are not statistically significant because the p-value > 0. 05 D)Yes, results are statistically significant because the p-value > 0. 05. FeedbackYes, results are statistically significant because the p-value < 0. 05. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) B 21. The maximum distance at which a highway sign can be read is determined for a sample of young people and a sample of older people. The mean distance is computed for each age convocation. What is the most appropriatenullhypothesis about the centre of the two groups? A)The population factor are dissimilar.B)The sample means are different. C)The population means are the same. D)The sample means are the same. FeedbackThe null hypothesis, Ho, would indicate that there is no difference and that this would take place in the population. The sample is used to test for a population difference. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) C 22. The p-value for a one-sided test for a mean was 0. 04. The p-value for the corresponding two-sided test would be A)0. 02 B)0. 04 C)0. 06 D)0. 08 FeedbackWhen we go from a 1-sided test of hypotheses to a 2-sided test we would double the p-value.Conversely, going from a 2-sided to a 1-sided we would cut the p-value in half. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) D 23. A shopper wanted to test whether there was a difference in the average waiting terms at the check-out counter among 5 different supermarkets. She selected a random sample of 20 shoppers from each of the five supermarkets. What is the alternative hypothesis for this office staff? A)The average waiting time to check out is 25 minutes for all five supermarkets. B)The average waiting time to check out is the same for all five supermarkets.C)The average waiting time for each of the 100 shoppers is different. D)The average waiting time to check out is not the same for all five supermarkets. FeedbackThe alternative hypothesis for an ANOVA test is that all the means are not the same, i. e. the means are not all equal. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) D 24. Which one of the following choices describes a problem for which an analysis of variance would be appropriate? A)Comparing the proportion of successes for three different treatments of anxiety. Each treatment is tried on 100 patients.B)Analyzing the kinship between high school place point average and college GPA. C)Comparing the mean birth weights of newborn babies for three different racial groups. D)Analyzing the relationship between gender and judging about capital punishment (favor or oppose). FeedbackThe dependent (response) variable needs to be round-the-clock and the different levels of the independent variable need to be mutually exclusive and categorical. This leads to the correct answer of mean birth weights (continuous response) across three racial groups (mutually exclusive, categorical). Points Earned 0. /1. 0 Correct Answer(s) C 25. A study compared grade point averages (GPA) for students in a class students were divided by 6 locations where they usually sit down during lecture (i. e. left or right front, left or right center, left or right rear). A total sample size of 12 students was studied (2 students from each section) using one-way analysis of variance. What are the numerator and denominator degrees of freedom for the ANOVA F-test? A)6 for numerator and 12 for denominator. B)5 for numerator and 11 for denominator. C)5 for numerator and 6 for denominator.FeedbackThe numerator degrees of freedom are found by taking the number of group levels minus 1 (this case 6 ? 1 = 5) and the denominator degrees of freedom are found by taking the total sample size minus the number of group levels (12 ? 6 = 6) Points Earned 0. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) C 26. A study compared testosterone levels among athletes in four sports soccer, track, Lacrosse, and water polo. The total sample size was n =30 (10 soccer, 10 track, 5 Lacrosse, and 5 water polo). A one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the population mean levels for the four sports.The sum of squared errors is SS Error = 100. What is the value of the Mean Square Error (MS Err or)? A)10 B)3. 45 C)3. 85 FeedbackThe MS Error is equal to the SS Error divided by the Error degrees of freedom (which are equal to the total sample size minus the number of group levels 30 ? 4 = 26). on that pointfore, the answer is 100/26 = 3. 85 Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) C 27. On a survey conducted at a university, students were asked how they felt about their weight (about right, overweight, or underweight), and also were asked to record their grade point average (GPA).There were 235 responses, with 160 saying their weight was about right, 50 said they were overweight, and 17 underweight. The question of interest is whether mean GPA is the same or differs for different weight attitude populations. The test F-statistic value is 4. 98. The p-value of 0. 008 is found by calculating A)the area to the right of 4. 98 under an F-distribution with 2 and 232 degrees of freedom. B)the area to the right of 4. 98 under an F-distribution with 2 and 234 degrees of freedom. C )the area to the right of 4. 98 under an F-distribution with 2 and 231 degrees of freedom.FeedbackThe p-value is the probability of be greater than the F-statistic or simply the area to the right of the F-statistic with the corresponding degrees of freedom for the group (number of group levels minus 1, or 3 ? 1 = 2) and error (total sample size minus the number of group levels, or 235 ? 3 = 232) Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 28. Ninety people with high cholesterol are randomly divided into three groups of thirty, and a different treatment program for decreasing cholesterol is assigned to each group.The response variable is the change in cholesterol level after two months of treatment. An analysis of variance will be used to compare the three treatments. What null hypothesis is tried and true by this ANOVA F-test? A)The sample variances are equal for the three treatment groups. B)The population variances are equal for the three treatments. C)The sample means are eq ual for the three treatment groups. D)The population means are equal for the three treatments FeedbackThe null hypothesis for an ANOVA test is that all population means are equal. Points Earned 0. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) D 29.A study done by the Center for pedantic Integrity at Rutgers University surveyed 2116 students at 21 colleges and universities. Some of the schools had an honor code and others did not. Of the students at schools with an honor code, 7% reported having plagiarized a paper via the Internet, while at schools with no honor code, 13% did so. (Sacramento Bee, Feb 29, 2000, D1. ) For this study, which of the following statements about percent gain in take a chance is correct? A)There is a 185. 7% increase in the risk of plagiarism at a school with no honor code, compared to a school with an honor code. B)There is an 85. % increase in the risk of plagiarism at a school with no honor code, compared to a school with an honor code. C)There is a 53. 8% increase in the risk of plagiarism at a school with no honor code, compared to a school with an honor code. D)There is a 6% increase in the risk of plagiarism at a school with no honor code, compared to a school with an honor code. FeedbackThe part increase is found by taking the difference in risks between one group minus the service line and then dividing this difference by the baseline risk. Here the answer that makes sense is one using the with honor as the baseline.Doing so produces (13%-7%)/7% = 85. 7% increase in plagiarism from with honor to without honor. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) B 30. Which of the following variablesCOULDbe used in a Chi-Square analysis? A)Gender B)Political Party crosstie C)Race D) shape up E)Course Section Number F)All of the above FeedbackAll are feasible as you could categorize age. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) F 31. A survey looked at the cerebrations of 321 respondents from the General Social Survey by whether they owned a crap- shooterslinger (or not) and whether they favored (or opposed) a natural justness requiring a leave to own a hero.What is the correctnullhypothesis for this survey? A)There isnorelationshipin the populationbetween gun self-command and suasion regarding gun law permit B)There isnorelationshipin the samplebetween gun ownership and faith regarding gun law permit C)Thereisa relationshipin the populationbetween gun ownership and vista regarding gun law permit D)Thereisa relationshipin the samplebetween gun ownership and opinion regarding gun law permit FeedbackThere isnorelationshipin the populationbetween gun ownership and opinion regarding gun law permit Points Earned 1. /1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 32. Based on the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, the percentage of 17-year olds who ever tried cigarette smoking is 56. 2%. The relative risk of ever smoking for a 17-year old versus a 12-year old is 3. 6. What is the risk of smoking for a 12-year-old (i. e. what was the percen tage of 12-year olds who ever tried smoking)? A)14. 1% B)15. 6% C)50. 0% D)56. 2% FeedbackYou need to use algebra to solve Relative risk (3. 6) = one group of interest (17 year olds who tried smoking = 56. %) divided by another group of interest (12 year olds who tried smoking and is unknown). Solving for the unknown comes to (3. 6)*(0. 562) = 0. 156 or 15. 6% Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) B 33. A survey examined the opinions of 321 respondents from the General Social Survey by whether they owned a gun (or not) and whether they favored (or opposed) a law requiring a permit to own a gun. What is the correctalternativehypothesis for this survey?A)There isnorelationshipin the populationbetween gun ownership and opinion regarding gun law permit B)There isnorelationshipin the samplebetween gun ownership and opinion regarding gun law permit C)Thereisa relationshipin the populationbetween gun ownership and opinion regarding gun law permit D)Thereisa relationshipin the samplebe tween gun ownership and opinion regarding gun law permit FeedbackThereisa relationshipin the populationbetween gun ownership and opinion regarding gun law permit Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) C 34. A survey examined the opinions of 1447 respondents in the General Social Survey to the question Do you favor or oppose the death penalty for persons convicted of cut up? The purpose of examining the data is to see if there is a gender difference in how people would respond to this question. State thenullhypotheses for this study. A)There isnorelationshipin the populationbetween gender and opinion on the death penalty. B)There isnorelationshipin the samplebetween gender and opinion on the death penalty.C)Thereisa relationshipin the populationbetween gender and opinion on the death penalty. D)Thereisa relationshipin the samplebetween gender and opinion on the death penalty. FeedbackThe null hypothesis speaks of no relationship between the variables in the population. Points Ea rned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 35. A regression was done for 20 cities with latitude as the informative variable (x) and average January temperature as the response variable (y). The latitude is measured in degrees and average January temperature in degrees Fahrenheit.The latitudes ranged from 26 (Miami) to 47 (Duluth) The regression equation is * y = 49. 4 0. 313x The city of Miami, Florida has latitude 26 degrees with average January temperature of 67 degrees Fahrenheit. 1. What is the estimated average January temperature for Miami, and2. based on the regression equation, what is the residual? A)Estimated January temperature is 36. 88 and the residual is 11. 88 B)Estimated January temperature is 36. 88 and the residual is 11. 88 C)Estimated January temperature is 41. 3 and the residual is 25. D)Estimated January temperature is 41. 3 and the residual is 25. 7 FeedbackThe estimated January temperature is 41. 3 degrees Fahrenheit. The residual is 25. 7 degrees (residual = observed minus predicted) Points Earned 0. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) D 36. Which of the following correlational statisticss indicates a stronger elongated relationship between two variables? A) 0. 90 B)0. 75 C)0. 50 D)1. 25 FeedbackThe correct answer is -0. 90. render that thevalueof the correlation indicates the strength and this value cannot be less than 1 nor greater than + 1 (thus belief out 1. 5 as an answer). The negative sign just indicates the direction of the relationship (positive or negative) and has no bearing on the strength of the relationship. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) A 37. What is the effect of an outlier on the value of a correlation coefficient? A)An outlier will unendingly decrease a correlation coefficient. B)An outlier will always increase a correlation coefficient. C)An outlier might either decrease or increase a correlation coefficient, depending on where it is in relation to the other points.D)An outlier will have no effect on a correl ation coefficient. FeedbackSee the lecture notes Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) C 38. A group of adults aged 20 to 80 were tested to see how far away they could first hear an ambulance approaching towards them. An equation describing the relationship between distance (in feet) and age was found to be * Distance = 600 3 ? Age Based on the equation, what is the direction of the association between distance and age? A)Positive B)Negative C)ZeroD) explosive charge cant be determined from the equation. FeedbackThe direction of an association can be ascertained by considering the sign of the slope. Since the slope is negative then so is the association. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) B 39. Past data has shown that the regression line relating the final exam differentiate and the midterm exam score for students who take statistics from a certain professor is * final exam = 50 + 0. 5 ? midterm For a student with a midterm score of 50, the predicted final exam scor e is A)50.B)50. 5. C)75. D)100. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) C 40. Which of the following is a possible values of R2indicates the strongest linear relationship between two quantitative variables? A)-90% B)0% C)80% D)120% FeedbackRemember that the range of R2is from 0 to 100%. Thus 80% would indicate the strongest linear relationship, i. e. correlation, based on the square gouge of 0. 8 is greater than the square root or 0. Points Earned 1. 0/1. 0 Correct Answer(s) C Bottom of Form